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Perbedaan Penyesuaian Diri Remaja Ditinjau Dari Status Ibu Bekerja dan Tidak Bekerja di SMP Negeri 1 Bima (CD+Cetak)
Teenagers are the grown-up human who are leaving their childhood for pre-adult age. For the maturity of attitude is established, teenagers need self-adjustment. It is very important because self-adjustment will determine the attitude and psychological condition of teenagers in the future. Teenagers may be difficult or failed for self-adjustment in their environment. Such failure can give bad impact on the self-development of the teenagers, either at adjustment period or in the future. Mothers play great role to help self-adjustment, thus allowing teenagers to recognize themselves during interaction or problem solving. The unemployed mother has enough time to care the child every day. The adequate time can enforce the harmonization of mother-child interaction and increase the close relationship between them. The employed mother, however, causes lack of character and moral building in their children because of her less frequent presence at home. The objective of research is to understand the difference of teenagers’ self-adjustment in the perspective of the employed and unemployed mothers. Some variables are involved. Self-adjustment is the dependent variable, while the employed and unemployed mothers are the independent variable. The control variables are religion and culture, while the moderator variable is environment (family, friend, and school), physical condition, education, and personality. Hypothesis of research is that there is a difference of self-adjustment among teenagers as reviewed from the status of employed and unemployed mothers. Research sample is students at SMP Negeri 1 Bima, in Grade VII, VIII, and IX, totaled to 88 students. Sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data collection method is using Self-Adjustment Scale, consisting 60 items, and its score is determined through Likert Method. Result of validity test using Product Moment correlation equation shows that 2 items are collapsed, while 58 items are valid. Result of reliability test using Alpha Cronbach equation indicates that Self-Adjustment Scale is reliable. Result of data analysis using t-test determines that tcount of 2.220 is higher than ttable of 1.99 at 5 % significance rate. Therefore, it is concluded that there is significance difference between self-adjustment among teenagers with employed mother and those with unemployed mother. The average of the self-adjustment of teenagers with employed mother is 175.95, while the average of those with unemployed mother is 187.84. It means that the self-
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adjustment of teenagers with the unemployed mother is better than the self-adjustment of those with employed mother.
Keywords: Self-adjustment, the employed mother, the unemployed mother.
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